Likarolo tsa elektronike li bua haholo ka likarolo tse sa sebetseng, tseo likarolo tsa RCL e leng tsona likarolo tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa, tse nang le mefuta e mengata ea lihlahisoa le lisebelisoa.Global likarolo tsa elektronike li fetile mekhahlelo e meraro ea ntshetsopele, China le phetiso ea boraro ea indasteri semiconductor ketane le tšehetso leano la naha, e haufi le ho kena mohatong o potlakileng oa ntshetsopele ya sebaka sa lehae, 'me hammoho le ntlafatso e pheta-phetoang ea theknoloji ea elektronike, indasteri ea likarolo tsa elektronike ho tloha phetoho e tlase ho ea bohareng le e phahameng, e hlahisang menyetla e mengata e mecha ea ntlafatso.
1 likarolo tsa elektronike ke eng
Likarolo tsa elektroniki ke lihlahisoa tse felileng tse sa fetoleng sebopeho sa limolek'hule nakong ea tlhahiso le ts'ebetso, joalo ka li-resistors, capacitors, inductors, joalo-joalo. lisebelisoa tse sa sebetseng, 'me hobane ha e khone ho hlasimoloha ho matlafatso ea lets'oao la motlakase, oscillation, joalo-joalo, karabelo ho lets'oao la motlakase ha e na letho ebile e ikokobelitse, e tsejoang hape e le likarolo tse sa sebetseng.
Likarolo tsa elektronike li arotsoe haholo ka likarolo tsa sehlopha sa potoloho le likarolo tsa lihlopha tsa lihlopha, likarolo tsa sehlopha sa potoloho ke haholo-holo likarolo tsa RCL, likarolo tsa RCL ke li-resistors, capacitors le inductors mefuta e meraro, le li-transformer, relays, joalo-joalo;likarolo tsa sehlopha sa khokahano li na le likaroloana tse peli, e 'ngoe e le ea likarolo tsa khokahano ea' mele, ho kenyeletsoa lihokelo, li-sockets, liboto tsa potoloho tse hatisitsoeng (PCB), joalo-joalo, le tse ling bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa RF tse sa sebetseng, ho kenyeletsoa li-filters, li-couplers. , li-couplers, li-resonator, joalo-joalo.
Likarolo tsa elektroniki tse tsejoang e le "raese ea indasteri ea elektroniki", eo boleng ba eona ba lihlahisoa tsa RCL bo ileng ba nka karolo ea 89% ea kakaretso ea boleng ba lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki, li-capacitor, li-inductors, li-resistors li nka boholo ba boleng ba tlhahiso ea likarolo tsa elektroniki. .
Ka kakaretso, likarolo tsa elektroniki e le likarolo tsa mantlha tsa elektroniki, 'me ts'ebetso ea lisebelisoa tse tlase e ntse e ntlafatsoa butle butle, molumo o fokotsehile butle, o bonts'a mokhoa oa nts'etsopele ea miniaturization, kopanyo, ts'ebetso e phahameng, likarolo tsa chip li fetohile karolo ea mantlha ea likarolo tsa RCL, mokhanni ea ka sehloohong oa nts'etsopele ea indasteri.
2 Boemo ba 'maraka
1, indasteri ea likarolo tsa elektroniki ho ea potolohong e eang holimo
Ho qala halofo ea bobeli ea 2020, ha seoa se secha sa moqhaka se folile, 5G e tlase, lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa likoloi le libaka tse ling tsa tlhokeho ea tlhokahalo, phepelo ea lihlahisoa, indasteri e ile ea bula potoloho e ncha ea ho nyolla holimo.Ka 2026, boholo ba mmaraka oa likarolo tsa elektroniki bo lebelletsoe ho ba $ 39.6 bilione, 2019-2026 sekhahla sa kholo ea kholo ea hoo e ka bang 5.24%.Har'a bona, nts'etsopele ea 5G, lifono tse bohlale, likoloi tse bohlale, joalo-joalo, e ba enjene e ka sehloohong ea ho ntšetsa pele tsoelo-pele e ncha ea likarolo tsa elektronike.
Sekhahla sa phetisetso ea theknoloji ea 5G e tla ba litaelo tsa 1-2 tsa boholo bo phahameng ho feta 4G, 'me keketseho ea sekhahla sa phetisetso e tla khanna bongata ba li-filters, li-amplifiers le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa RF tse ka pele, le ho hula tšebeliso ea li-inductors, capacitors le likarolo tse ling tse amanang le elektronike.
Maemo a kopo ea li-smartphone a ntse a tsoela pele ho ruisa, ho lelekisa ho qetela ts'ebetsong le ts'ebetsong, ho khothaletsa chip, kopanyo ea likarolo tsa elektroniki, likarolo tsa elektronike ho miniaturization ea nts'etsopele ka nako e ts'oanang, ts'ebeliso ea likarolo tsa elektroniki tsa selefounu e le 'ngoe. ho eketseha ka potlako.
Sistimi e bohlale ea taolo ea matla a koloi, sistimi ea infotainment, sistimi ea taolo ea polokeho le sistimi ea elektroniki ea 'mele ho ntlafatsa boiphihlelo ba ho khanna ba litsamaiso tse thusang li ntse li eketseha, ho khothaletsa sekhahla sa lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa likoloi ho tsoela pele ho nyoloha.Ho lebelletsoe hore kakaretso ea kakaretso ea likarolo tsa elektronike tsa likoloi e tla feta 5,000, e leng chelete e fetang 40% ea boleng ba tlhahiso ea koloi eohle.
2, naha ea China ho potlakisa ho hapa 'maraka
Ho tloha kabong ea tikoloho, ka 2019, China le Asia ka kopanelo li nka karolo ea 63% ea karolo ea 'maraka ea likarolo tsa elektroniki tsa lefats'e.Tšimo ea Capacitor Japane, Korea le Taiwan oligopoly, tšimo ea ho hanyetsa Chaena Taiwan Guoguang boemo bo ka sehloohong, tšimo ea inductor ho bahlahisi ba Majapane e le eona e ka sehloohong.
Litšoantšo
Ka ntlafatso ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa bareki, mahlale a macha le lits'ebetso tsa 5G tse kopantsoeng ho tsamaisa keketseho e eketsehileng ea tlhokeho ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki, baetsi ba likarolo tsa elektroniki tsa Majapane le Korea ba se ba qalile ho lokisa maano a bona, matla a tlhahiso a fetohela ho lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa likoloi, "miniaturization" ea maemo a phahameng a indasteri. bokhoni, lihlahisoa tsa tekanyo e phahameng le likarolo tsa RF.
Japane le Korea Boroa likarolo tsa elektronike fektheri e ntlafatsa sebopeho sa sehlahisoa ka nako e ts'oanang butle-butle fana ka 'maraka oa bohareng le o tlaase, o fella ka lekhalo la phepelo le tlhokahalo bohareng le bo tlaase, ho menyetla ea nts'etsopele ea lik'hamphani tsa likarolo tsa elektroniki tsa malapeng, malapeng ho hlahile lik'hamphani tse ngata tsa boleng bo phahameng, tse kang lihlopha tse tharo tsa ring (ceramic capacitors), Faraday Electronics (filimi capacitors), Shun Lo Electronics (inductors), Aihua Group (aluminium electrolytic capacitors), joalo-joalo.
Ka ho tlosoa butle-butle ha baetsi ba Majapane le ba Korea ho tloha 'marakeng o tlaase, likhoebo tsa malapeng li ile tsa qala ho potlakisa karolo ea' maraka, baetsi ba malapeng ba kang Fenghua, mehele e meraro, Yuyang, joalo-joalo ba thehile merero e mecha ea tlhahiso ea tlhahiso, lilemong tse tharo tse latelang. katoloso ea bokhoni ke keketseho e kholo, e lebelletsoeng ho potlakisa karolo ea mmaraka.
Libaka tse 3 tse chesang
1, indasteri ea chip ea multilayer ceramic capacitor
Ho latela data ea China Electronic Components Industry Association, boholo ba mmaraka oa ceramic capacitor oa lefats'e o holile ka 3.82% selemo le selemo ho isa ho li-yuan tse libilione tse 77.5 ka 2019, e leng karolo ea 52% ea 'maraka oa lefatše oa capacitor;Mmaraka oa China oa ceramic capacitor o holile ka 6.2% ho feta 2018 ho isa ho li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 57.8, e leng karolo ea 54% ea 'maraka oa lehae oa capacitor;Ka kakaretso, karolo ea 'maraka ea lefats'e le ea lehae ea ceramic capacitor e bonts'a mokhoa o tsitsitseng o nyolohang.
MLCC e na le melemo ea boholo bo bonyenyane, bokhoni bo phahameng bo khethehileng, le ho nepahala ho phahameng, 'me e ka behoa holim'a li-PCB, li-hybrid IC substrates, joalo-joalo, tse arabelang mokhoa oa miniaturization le boima bo bobebe ba lisebelisoa tsa motlakase tsa bareki.Lilemong tsa morao tjena, lithelefono tse bohlale, likoloi tse ncha tsa matla, taolo ea indasteri, puisano ea 5G le liindasteri tse ling li ntse li tsoela pele ka potlako, e leng se tlisang sebaka se seholo sa kholo ea indasteri ea MLCC.Ho lebelletsoe hore boholo ba 'maraka oa MLCC lefatšeng ka bophara bo tla hola ho fihla ho li-yuan tse libilione tse 108.3 ka 2023;Boholo ba 'maraka oa China MLCC bo tla hola ho fihla ho li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 53.3, ka sekhahla sa kholo ea selemo le selemo se holimo ho feta sekhahla sa kholo ea kholo ea selemo le selemo.
Indasteri ea lefats'e ea MCLL e na le maemo a holimo a 'maraka mme e thehile mokhoa o tsitsitseng oa oligopoly.Likhoebo tsa Majapane li na le monyetla o matla khoebong ea pele ea lefats'e, Korea Boroa, United States, China le Taiwan likhoebong ka kakaretso molemong oa bobeli, theknoloji ea likhoebo tsa China le boemo ba sekala e batla e le morao ho karolo ea boraro.Likhoebo tse 'ne tse holimo ka ho fetesisa tsa MLCC tsa 2020 ke Murata, Samsung electromechanical, Kokusai, matla a letsatsi, karolo ea mmaraka ea 32%, 19%, 12%, 10% ka ho latellana.
Likhamphani tse etellang pele tsa lapeng li hapa 'maraka oa lihlahisoa tse tlase le tse bohareng.Ho na le bahlahisi ba baholo ba MLCC ba ka bang 30 naheng ea China, ba nang le likhoebo tsa lehae tse emeloang ke Fenghua Hi-Tech, Sanhuan Group, Yuyang Technology le Micro Capacitor Electronics, tse hlahisang haholo lihlahisoa tsa boholo bo mahareng le tse kholo tse nang le boleng bo tlase ba bokhoni le litaba tsa tekheniki tse batlang li le tlase.
2, indasteri ea capacitor ea lifilimi
Ka nts'etsopele ea indasteri e ncha ea matla ea China, le khahlano le semelo sa litlhoko tse tiileng tsa ho boloka matla le phokotso ea moea, indasteri ea capacitor ea lifilimi e ile ea eketseha ho tloha 2010 ho isa 2015, mme sekhahla sa kholo se ne se batla ho tsitsa kamora 2015, se ntse se hola ka karolelano ea selemo le selemo. sekhahla sa 6%, 'me boholo ba mmaraka bo fihlileng ho li-yuan tse libilione tse 9.04 ka 2019, e leng karolo ea 60% ea kakaretso ea 'maraka oa lefats'e, e maemong a pele lefatšeng.
Ka ho kenngwa tshebetsong ha maano a naha a kang "ho se nke lehlakore ka carbon", mmaraka o motjha wa matla wa China o tla hola le ho tlisa kgolo e tsitsitseng ya nako e telele mmarakeng wa difilimi tsa capacitor.Mmaraka oa capacitor oa lifilimi bakeng sa makoloi a macha a matla ho hakanngoa hore o tla hola ho CAGR ea 6.1% ho tloha 2020 ho isa 2025, mme o tla fihla ho $ 2.2 bilione ka 2025, e leng se tla etsa hore e be 'maraka oa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa oa bareki bakeng sa li-capacitor tsa lifilimi.
Mmaraka oa lefats'e oa indasteri ea capacitor ea lifilimi o tsepamisitsoe haholo, ka melemo e hlakileng ea likhoebo tse kholo.Li-brand le li-brand tsa pele tsa li-capacitor tsa lifilimi li laoloa ke likhoebo tse tsoang Japane, Jeremane, Italy, United States le linaha tse ling, 'me likhoebo tsa lapeng tse kang Farad Electronics le Copper Peak Electronics li behiloe e le lihlahisoa tsa moleng oa bobeli le oa boraro. .Ka selemo sa 2019, karolo ea 'maraka ea lefatše ea capacitor ea lifilimi, Panasonic e nka karolo e fetang halofo ea mmaraka, mme ke khoebo e le' ngoe feela naheng ea China, Farrar Electronics, e ka pele, e nkang karolo ea 8% ea mmaraka.
3 、 Chip resistor indasteri
Boemong ba nts'etsopele e potlakileng ea mahlale a joalo ka 5G, bohlale ba maiketsetso, likoloi tse ncha tsa matla, le data e kholo, li-chip resistors li tsamaisa lebelo la nts'etsopele ka lits'ebetso tse tlase, ka lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tse bobebe le tse bobebe joalo ka sebaka sa mantlha sa ts'ebeliso, se ikarabellang bakeng sa 44% ea mmaraka, le libaka tse ling tse kholo li kenyelletsa lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa bareki, likoloi, likhokahano, indasteri le sesole.boholo ba mmaraka oa li-chip resistors ho tloha ka 2016 ho isa ho 2020 bo ile ba eketseha butle-butle ho tloha ho $ 1.5 bilione ho isa ho $ 1.7 billion, mme boholo ba mmaraka oa lefats'e oa chip resistor bo lebelletsoe ho fihla ho $ 2.4 bilione ka 2027.
Hajoale, lik'hamphani tsa US le tsa Majapane li laola 'maraka o phahameng oa ho hanyetsa li-chip, empa katoloso e tlase ha ea lekana.Likhamphani tsa US le tsa Majapane li shebana le lihlahisoa tse phahameng tse nepahetseng, tse lebisang tlhokomelo litseleng tse tšesaane tsa ts'ebetso ea lifilimi, joalo ka US Vishay ke moetsi e moholo ka ho fetisisa oa ho hanyetsa ka mokhoa o phahameng, ha Japane e na le matla a maholo tšimong ea 0201 le 0402 mehlala ea ho nepahala ho phahameng. lihlahisoa.Kokusai ea Taiwan e na le karolo ea 34% ea 'maraka oa lefats'e oa chip resistor, e nang le tlhahiso ea khoeli le khoeli ea likarolo tse ka bang limilione tse likete tse 130.
Mainland China e na le 'maraka o moholo oa li-chip resistor o nang le karolo e nyane ea lik'hamphani tsa lehae.Mmaraka oa China o its'etleha ho likhoebo tse kopaneng 'me thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha e phahame, mme bahlahisi ba hanyetsang haholo ke likhoebo tsa mmuso tse fetoletsoeng ho likhamphani tse kopaneng tsa stock, joalo ka Fenghua Hi-Tech le Northern Huachuang, eo ho leng thata le ho feta ho etsa karolo e etelletseng pele ho chip resistor. indasteri, ho fella ka hore ketane eohle ea lehae ea chip resistor indasteri e kholo empa ha e matla.
4 、 Indasteri ea Boto ea Potoloho e hatisitsoeng
Ka boqapi bo tsoelang pele ba lihlahisoa tsa puisano tsa elektroniki, tlhokahalo ea liboto tse bonolo ho PCB e ntse e eketseha butle-butle, mohlala, tlhoko ea liboto tse bonolo tsa mehala ea mehala ea Apple e eketsehile ho tloha ho likotoana tsa 13 molokong oa bohlano ho isa ho likotoana tsa 30 hona joale, le sekala. ea indasteri ea lefats'e ea PCB e lebelletsoe ho fihla ho $ 79.2 bilione ka 2025. Karolo ea 'maraka ea China ea PCB ka lilemo tse ngata ea karolo ea lefats'e ea pele, 2025 e lebelletsoe ho feta $ 41.8 bilione, sekhahla sa kholo ea 6%, se fetang kholo ea karolelano ea lefats'e. sekhahla.
'Marakeng oa China o hatisitsoeng oa boto ea potoloho, litsebi tse ka sehloohong li arotsoe ka mekhahlelo e meraro e phahameng, e mahareng le e tlase, sebaka se phahameng sa ho tsetela kantle ho naha, Hong Kong, Taiwan, likhoebo tse' maloa tsa naha tsa China li busitse, likhoebo tse ngata tsa lehae motse-moholo le theknoloji. bofokoli, haholo-holo tse tsepamisitsoeng libakeng tse tlaase tsa lihlahisoa.
Ho latela sebopeho sa 'maraka sa likhoebo se ka bonoa, khatello ea' maraka ea indasteri ea boto e hatisitsoeng ea China e tlase, e eketsehile hanyane lilemong tsa morao tjena.2020 China indasteri e hatisitsoeng ea boto ea potoloho ea CR5 e ka ba 34.46%, ha e bapisoa le 2019 e eketsehile ka liperesente tse 2.17;CR10 e ka ba 50.71%, ha e bapisoa le 2019 e eketsehile ka liperesente tse 1.88.
5, indasteri ea thepa ea elektronike
Ntlafatso ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa bareki kamora ho tsebahala ha 5G, nts'etsopele ea bohlale ba maiketsetso le nts'etsopele e potlakileng ea likoloi tsa motlakase e tla khothaletsa kholo ea 'maraka oa litheipi tse tsamaisang thepa ea elektroniki, mme tlhoko ea mmaraka ea litheipi e tsamaisang pampiri lefatšeng ka bophara e lebelletsoe ho hola ka 4.1% selemo le selemo ho fihlela ho 36.75 limilione tse likete ka 2021. tlhokahalo ea 'maraka oa thepa ea pampiri Chaena e tla hōla ka 10.04% selemo le selemo ho ea ho 19.361 limilione tse likete ka 2022.
Theipi e tsamaisang thepa ea elektroniki ke ea 'maraka oa niche,' maraka oa likarolo tsa elektroniki ho tlisa katoloso ea tlhoko ea 'maraka oa thepa ea elektroniki, boholo ba mmaraka oa lefats'e le oa China oa 'maraka oa thepa ea elektroniki o ntse o nyoloha.Ho lebelletsoe hore ka 2021 'maraka oa lefats'e oa 'maraka o tla hola ka 4.2% selemo le selemo ho isa ho li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 2.76,' me ka 2022 boholo ba 'maraka oa China oa thepa ea pampiri bo tla hola ka 12% selemo le selemo ho fihla ho limilione tse likete tse 1.452. yuan.
Likhoebo tsa China, Japane, Korea le linaha tse ling li nka karolo e kholo ea 'maraka oa lefatše.Har'a bona, likhoebo tsa Majapane li qalile pejana 'me li na le theknoloji e batlang e etella pele;Likhoebo tsa Korea Boroa li tsoetse pele ka potlako lilemong tsa morao tjena 'me thekiso ea mose ho maoatle e ntse e eketseha;likhoebo tse ntle haholo tsa tlhahiso li hlahile ka mor'a tse ling Chaena le Taiwan, 'me boemo ba bona ba tlholisano bo ntse bo atamela butle mme bo feta likhoebo tsa Majapane le Korea likarolong tse ling.Kabelo ea JMSC ea 'maraka oa lefats'e oa theipi e tsamaisang pampiri e tla fihla ho 47% ka 2020.
Indasteri ea litheipi e tšesaane e tsamaisang thepa e na le mokoallo o phahameng oa ho kena le tlholisano ea lapeng ha e bohale.Ho tloha ka 2018, JEMSTEC e na le karolo e fetang 60% ea 'maraka oa thepa ea thepa ea thepa ea lapeng' me e batla e se na bahlolisani ba lehae, empa e na le matla a manyane a lipuisano bakeng sa barekisi ba holimo le sebaka se itseng sa therisano bakeng sa bareki ba tlase 'me ha e sokeloe habonolo ke batho ba ka kenang le ho nka sebaka.
6, indasteri ea tlhahiso ea lirafshoa tsa elektroniki
Li-ceramics tsa elektronike ke indasteri ea MLCC e tsamaisoang ke ho totobetseng.MLCC e sebelisoa haholo ho lisebelisoa tsa elektronike tsa bareki, likhokahano, lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa likoloi, lisebelisoa tsa lapeng le masimo a mang, boholo ba 'maraka oa hona joale oa li-yuan tse fetang limilione tse likete tse 100, bokamoso bo lebelletsoe ho boloka sekhahla sa kholo ea selemo le selemo sa 10% ho isa ho 15%, indasteri ea li-ceramics tsa elektroniki hore e be mohato oa nts'etsopele e potlakileng.
Lilemong tsa morao tjena, boholo ba mmaraka oa li-ceramics tsa elektroniki tsa China ho boloka sekhahla sa kholo ea 13% kapa ho feta, se lebelletsoe ho fihla ho li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 114.54 ka 2023, e leng sebaka se sephara bakeng sa phetisetso ea lehae.Peista ea elektroniki ea lapeng e fumana tumello ea moreki hantle ho holisa sekala sa mmaraka oa lehae;Ceramic cleaver ea malapeng e senya boemo ba monopoly mose ho maoatle, e lebeletsoe ho finyella molumo o potlakileng;Ho sa le joalo, thekenoloji ea mantlha ea theknoloji ea mafura a lapeng e senoloa butle-butle.
Japane, United States le Europe li etelletse pele indastering ea lefats'e ea lirafshoa tsa elektronike, e leng 'marakeng oa maemo a holimo.Japane, e nang le melemo ea mefuta e mengata ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa ceramic, tlhahiso e phahameng le theknoloji e ntle, e nka 50% ea karolo ea 'maraka oa lefats'e, e lateloa ke United States le Europe, ka ho latellana, e nka 30% le 10% ea karolo ea mmaraka.Japane SaKai ka karolo ea 'maraka oa lefats'e ea 28%, e maemong a pele, khamphani ea Amerika Ferro hape e tsoa ho NCI ea Japane e maemong a bobeli le a boraro.
Ka lebaka la lithibelo tse phahameng tsa tekheniki le thekenoloji, 'me indasteri ea China ea li-ceramics e qalile morao-rao, baetsi ba malapeng ka theknoloji, thekenoloji, lekhalo la bohlokoa ho feta likhoebo tse tsoang linaheng tse ling tse tsebahalang, lekhalo le hlakile, lihlahisoa tsa hona joale li tsepamisitsoe haholo ka sehlahisoa se tlaase. sebaka.Bokamoso ka lenaneo la naha la R&D, matsete a lichelete tsa mmaraka, katoloso ea maemo a ts'ebeliso, pokello ea mahlale a teng a khoebo le lintlha tse ling tse ngata tse ntle, li tla thusa likhoebo tsa China hore li fetohe butle butle ho ea tseleng e nepahetseng e phahameng ea indasteri.
Nako ea poso: Nov-21-2022